Inhibition of 5-HT neurons in the dorsal raphe nuclei or 5-HT terminals in the anterior cingulate cortex decreased consolation-like behaviors and reduced sociability.

Development of a novel open-source device, 'E-Scope,' to simultaneously record electrophysiology and calcium imaging in freely behaving animals, discovering co-modulation of the cerebellum, and anterior cingulate cortex during social interaction.

In economic choices under variable action costs, in contrast to the orbitofrontal cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex represents not pre-decision but post-decision variables, thus might inform subsequent actions based on reward and effort associated with the choice outcomes.

Astrocytic G_i pathway activation in the anterior cingulate cortex impairs schema memory and neuronal mitochondrial biogenesis, which can be rescued by exogenous L-lactate administration directly into the area.

A hub in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex receives unusually high and functionally diverse inputs, providing a biological interface between motivation, incentive based learning, and decision making.

The anterior cingulate cortex provides predictive relationships between the context and the predator threat and influences the acquisition and expression of fear memory to predatory threat.

Simultaneous recordings in brainstem and cortex, combined with pupillometry, show that changes in coordinated activity in anterior cingulate cortex are related to distinct patterns of pupil-linked activation of the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system.

A fast spiking interneuron sub-type in medial and lateral prefrontal cortex fires and gamma-synchronizes prominently during adaptive learning of reward values when outcomes are uncertain and choice options have similar values.

Amphetamine reduces reward signaling by neurons in rat prefrontal cortex, but increases the stability of population dynamics, which account for animals’ increased task engagement, despite reduced reward motivation.

The anterior cingulate cortex intermixes a precise spatial map with a cognitive map of the task, and spontaneously recalls multimodal information about unrealized choice outcomes during pauses in behavior after reinforcements.