Two-photon functional imaging linked to olfactory preference in Drosophila provides the first understanding of how odors are integrated, transformed, and represented in the lateral horn by an ensemble of higher-order glutamatergic lateral horn neurons.

In vivo calcium imaging reveals how odor identity is encoded in the activity of large, distributed ensembles of olfactory cortex neurons in mice.

Human participants fail to discriminate between odor sequences that activate the same neurons at different orders, pointing against a substantial role for neuron activation time in the odor code.

Mice are able to discriminate plume intermittency, which may be used for odor-guided navigation.

In multi-channel sensory systems, gain adaptation can help maintain not only coding capacity across changes in signal intensity, but also combinatorial representations of odor identity.

Computational and theoretical analyses offer novel and unexpected insight into how complex, naturally occurring odor mixtures are parsed and normalized at the very first stage of olfaction.

The lateral horn can be classified into three functional odor response domains that decode opposing hedonic valences and odor intensity.

Computational analyses of in-vivo cerebral activity show that gamma oscillations in the olfactory cortex originate from local feedback inhibition following each sniff and serve to segregate competing odor representations through a winner-take-all process, providing an optimal window to decode odor.

Tetrode recordings show that the amplitude of gamma oscillations encodes for information on contextual odorant identity when observed at the peak phase of the theta oscillation in the olfactory bulb.

Different features of an odor can be represented in mouse olfactory cortex using the particular ensemble of responsive neurons to represent odor identity and the synchrony of the ensemble activity to represent odor intensity.